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COUNTRY PAGE - Indonesia

Indonesia is the largest country in Southeast Asia and the fourth most populous country in the world. It is governed through a unitary presidential constitutional republic. It is the largest archipelagic country in the world, with over 17,000 islands. Indonesia is the fourth largest coal producer in the world and is a former major oil exporter. It was the only Southeast Asian country to have been part of OPEC. Around 87% of its energy comes from fossil fuels, the largest source coming from coal. Its high dependency on coal has made it difficult to shift to renewables, but the need has been acknowledged in recent years.

Population
Population

273.5 Million

GDP
GDP/capita

4300 USD

Target
Net-zero Target

No formal target

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Indonesia

Indonesia’s power sector is dominated by coal, which was responsible for over 60% of power generation in 2021. Together with its second-largest power source — natural gas (18%) — and oil (2%), fossil fuels account for 82% of Indonesia’s electricity supply. Established renewable energy sources such as geothermal (8%), hydro (5%) and biofuels and waste (5%) also provide a relevant share of the country’s power, whereas wind and solar still hold negligible shares accounting for a combined 0.2% of power generated in 2021.

The largest share of electricity is used in households (45%), followed by industry (31%) and services (16%).

Generation by Fuel
Emissions by Fuel
Demand by Sector

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